https://shzurology.rbind.io/post/Exercise LibraryWowchemy (https://wowchemy.com)en-us© {2021} Dr. Song Ou-Yanghttps://shzurology.rbind.io/media/icon_hu3267f46f652888d3a2772f7a96d3d938_5011_512x512_fill_lanczos_center_2.pnghttps://shzurology.rbind.io/post/https://shzurology.rbind.io/post/chartper-i/Thu, 12 Aug 2021 00:00:00 +0000https://shzurology.rbind.io/post/chartper-i/ <div id="i.-fill-in-the-blanks" class="section level2"> <h2><font color=Tomato>I. Fill in the blanks</font></h2> <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>Urology is the subject of research and treatment of <u>   </u>diseases.</li> <li>Urinary incontinence can be divided into<u>         </u>, <u>          </u>, and <u>         </u>urinary incontinence.</li> <li>Addisit count is to collect urine for 12 hours, centrifugal precipitation count, red blood cell above<u>  </u>, white blood cell above<u>  </u>, and cast above<u>  </u>are all regarded as abnormal.</li> </ol> </div> <div id="ii.-true-or-false" class="section level2"> <h2><font color=Tomato>II. True or false</font></h2> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> 1. Painless hematuria is generally the characteristic of <u><strong>urinary calculi</strong></u>.</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> 2. <u><strong>Leakage of urine</strong></u> is an involuntary outflow of urine due to the loss of self-control ability of micturition due to bladder sphincter injury or nerve dysfunction.</li> </ul> </div> <div id="iii.-multiple-choice-questions" class="section level2"> <h2><font color=Tomato>III. Multiple Choice Questions</font></h2> <div id="a型题" class="section level4"> <h4><font color=blue>[A型题]</font></h4> <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>排尿中断的症状常见哪种疾病。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．膀胱癌</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．肾结石</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．输尿管结石</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．膀胱结石</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．阴茎癌</li> </ul> <ol start="2" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>泌尿外科疾病中哪一类疾病常不伴有血尿 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．泌尿系肿瘤</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．泌尿系统感染</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．原发性醛固酮增多症</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．泌尿系结石</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．泌尿系外伤</li> </ul> <ol start="3" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>下列哪种疾病不适宜作膀胱镜检查?</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．输尿管肿瘤</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．尿道肿瘤</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．尿道狭窄</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．前列腺癌</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．膀膀肿瘤</li> </ul> <ol start="4" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>无痛性间歇性肉眼血尿最常见于<u>  </u> 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．急性肾盂肾炎</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．急性前列腺炎</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．肾结核</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．膀胱肿瘤</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．肾肿瘤</li> </ul> <ol start="5" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>下列检查哪项对前列腺癌诊断意义不大 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．PSA检查</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．肛门直肠指检</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．排泄性尿路造影</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．前列腺穿刺活检</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．前列腺B超</li> </ul> <ol start="6" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>下列哪一项检查，不能了解到分测肾功能 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．血肌酐（Cr）和血尿素氮（BUN）测定</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．排泄性尿路造影</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．肾小球滤过率和有效肾血流量测定（通过ECT检查）</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．靛胭脂检查</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．增强CT检查</li> </ul> <ol start="7" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>尿路梗阻伴残尿量增加，尿液不断从尿道流出，应属哪种情况 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．压力性尿失禁</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．急迫性尿失禁</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．真性尿失禁</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．充溢性尿失禁</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．混合性尿失禁</li> </ul> <ol start="8" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>下腹外伤患者，小便不能解出，下腹痛，腹肌稍紧张，需立即确定磅胱有无破裂应用哪种方法。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．尿道造影</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．膀胱造影</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．排泄性尿路造影</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．插入导尿管注水试验</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．膀胱B超</li> </ul> <ol start="9" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>尿普通细菌培养有细菌生长.菌落数大于10万/ml认为是<u>  </u> 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．尿液污染</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．确诊尿路感染</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．泌尿系结核</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．盆腔炎</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．前列腺炎</li> </ul> <ol start="10" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>有尿频.尿急症状尿普通培养无菌生长，尿常规检查pH5，镜检大量脓球可能为 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．急性肾盂肾炎</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．急性膀胱炎</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．泌尿系结核</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．急性前列腺炎</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．急性尿道炎</li> </ul> <ol start="11" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>新婚后的女孩，有尿频.尿急.排尿疼痛，急性泌尿系感染症状，拟定初步治疗方案，下列哪项检查最适宜 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．尿常规</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．尿培养</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．尿沉淀涂片染色检查</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．膀胱镜检查</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．尿脱落细胞学</li> </ul> <ol start="12" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>右腰部剧烈绞痛，向右下腹放射三小时，大汗淋滴，面色苍白，尿常规RBC+++/Hp，那一样检查不应该做 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．腹部平片检查（KUB）</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．肾.输尿管B超检查</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．螺旋CT检查（肾.输尿管）</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．MRU检查（磁共振尿路成像）</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．泌尿系分泌造影</li> </ul> <ol start="13" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>泌尿外科疾病中下列哪种疾病伴有血尿 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．睾丸癌</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．肾囊肿</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．肾盂癌</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．精索静脉曲张</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．肾上腺皮质癌</li> </ul> <ol start="14" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>患者排出乳白色尿液，但加入1ml乙醚后能使尿液清亮，可能 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．脓尿</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．乳糜尿</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．晶体尿</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．血尿</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．气尿</li> </ul> <ol start="15" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>每次排尿开始有血尿，而排尿终末尿液正常，病变初步是位于 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．肾.输尿管</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．前尿道</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．膀胱颈及三角区</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．前列腺</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．膀胱底部</li> </ul> <ol start="16" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>老年患者有会阴不适排尿不畅，血PSA&gt;10ng/ml，可能为 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．前列腺炎</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．前列腺增生症（BPH）</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．前列腺癌</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．神经源性膀胱</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．膀胱癌</li> </ul> <ol start="17" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>诊断膀胱癌的最好方法是 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．膀胱造影</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．直肠膀胱双合诊</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．膀胱镜检查</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．尿液脱落细胞</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．尿常规</li> </ul> <ol start="18" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>检测肾功能严重受损，伴有重度肾积水的最佳方法 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．排泄性尿路造影</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．CT</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．MRI</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．MRU</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．双肾B超</li> </ul> <hr /> </div> <div id="b型题" class="section level4"> <h4><font color=blue>[B型题]</font></h4> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．活动后血尿</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．全程无痛性血尿</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．尿频尿急后伴血尿</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．乳糜性血尿</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．阵发性高血压</li> </ul> <ol start="19" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>泌尿系结核</li> <li>泌尿系结石</li> <li>泌尿系肿瘤</li> <li>乳糜尿</li> </ol> <hr /> </div> <div id="c型题" class="section level4"> <h4><font color=blue>[C型题]</font></h4> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．全程性无痛性肉眼血尿</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．活动后血尿</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．两者都是</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．两者都不是</li> </ul> <ol start="23" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>肾膀胱肿瘤 。</li> <li>上尿路结石 。</li> <li>先天性马蹄肾 。</li> </ol> </div> <div id="x型题" class="section level4"> <h4><font color=blue>[X型题]</font></h4> <ol start="26" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>排尿困难包括哪几项 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．尿线变细</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．排尿时间延长</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．排尿射程缩短</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．不便滴沥</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．尿失禁</li> </ul> <ol start="27" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>尿道膀胱镜检查可以 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．尿道膀胱有无结石.肿瘤</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．测定分肾功能</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．取膀胱异物及活检</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．扩张狭窄尿道</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．膀胱憩室</li> </ul> <ol start="28" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>证实有无残尿和测定残尿量，哪几项检查是正确的 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．排尿后插入导尿管</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．排尿后膀胱区叩诊</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．肛门直肠指诊</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．排尿后膀胱区超声检查</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．排尿后KUB检查</li> </ul> <ol start="29" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>疑为膀胱破裂可作哪几项检查确诊 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．导尿管作膀胱内注液试验</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．尿道探子检查</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．膀胱造影</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．膀胱尿道镜检查</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．MRU检查</li> </ul> <ol start="30" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>下列几种情况有排小便能自控，哪几种排尿异常不属于尿失禁 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．急性尿失禁</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．阴道膀胱瘘</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．输尿管异位开口</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．压力性尿失禁</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．充溢性尿失禁</li> </ul> <ol start="31" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>目前临床上常用的肾功能检查方法有 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．血肌酐.血尿素氮测定</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．内生肌酐清除率测</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．尿浓缩稀释联合检查</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．肾小球滤过率和有效血液量测定</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．排泄性尿路造影</li> </ul> <ol start="32" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>下列哪些疾病容易在尿液脱落细胞中查到癌细胞 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．肾盂癌</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．肾癌</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．肾母细胞癌</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．膀胱癌</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．肾上腺皮质癌</li> </ul> <ol start="33" style="list-style-type: decimal"> <li>下列哪几种方法可以帮助上尿路结石定位诊断 。</li> </ol> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> A．肾.输尿管B超检查</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> B．腹部平片（KUB）</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> C．同位素肾图</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> D．MRU</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> E．螺旋CT检查</li> </ul> <hr /> </div> </div> <div id="iv.-noun-interpretation" class="section level2"> <h2><font color=Tomato>IV. Noun interpretation</font></h2> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> 1.尿少（oliguria)</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> 2.尿闭（anuria)</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> 3.尿潴留（urinary retantine）</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> 4.尿流动力学测定(urodynamics)</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> 5.阳痿（impotence)</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> 6.尿失禁（incontinence）</li> </ul> </div> <div id="v.-question-and-answer" class="section level2"> <h2><font color=Tomato>V. Question and answer</font></h2> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> 1.肾功能检查常用方法有？</li> <li><input type="checkbox" disabled="" /> 2.什么叫尿频，引起尿频的各种原因？</li> </ul> <hr /> <p>参考答案 一.填空题 1.泌尿男生殖系统及肾上腺外科 2.真性尿失禁 压力性尿失禁 急迫性尿失禁 充溢性尿失禁 3.50万 100万 5000</p> <p>二.判断改错题 1.错 应为泌尿系肿瘤 2.错 应为尿失禁</p> <p>三.选择题 1.D 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.C 6.A 7.D 8．D 9．B 10.C 11.B 12.D 13.C 14.B 15.B 16.C 17.C 18.D 19．C 20.A 21.B 22.D 23.A 24.B 25.D 26.ABCD 27.ABCE 28.ABD 29.ACD 30.BC 31.ABCDE 32.AD 33.ABE</p> <p>四.名词解释 1.尿少（oliguria)：每日排尿量少于400ml。 2.尿闭（anuria)：每日尿量少于100ml。 3.尿潴留（urinary retantine）：指膀胱内充满尿液，而不能排出。 4.尿流动力学测定(urodynamics)：是借助流体力学及电生理学方法研究排尿功能障碍的一种技术。 5.阳痿（impotence) ：阴茎勃起不坚和不能勃起，而不能性交者。 6.尿失禁（incontinence）：尿液不能控制而自行流出。</p> <p>五.问答题 1.答： （1）尿比重测定 （2）血肌酐和血尿素氮测定 （3）内生肌酐清除率 （4）肾小球滤过率和有效肾血流量测定（ECT检查）</p> <p>2.答： 排尿次数增多称为尿频，正常人白天排尿4-6次，夜间0-1次 原因：生理性尿频 多饮水，服用利尿食品，精神因素亦可引起尿频 病理性尿频 泌尿生殖道炎症，各种原因引起膀胱容量减少下尿道梗阻以致残余增多引起的尿频.糖尿病.尿毒症.肾浓缩功能障碍引起尿频。</p> </div>https://shzurology.rbind.io/post/20-12-02-icml-best-paper/Wed, 02 Dec 2020 00:00:00 +0000https://shzurology.rbind.io/post/20-12-02-icml-best-paper/<p>Congratulations to Jian Yang and Monica Hall for winning the Best Paper Award at the 2020 Conference on Wowchemy for their paper “Learning Wowchemy”.</p> <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer tempus augue non tempor egestas. Proin nisl nunc, dignissim in accumsan dapibus, auctor ullamcorper neque. Quisque at elit felis. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia curae; Aenean eget elementum odio. Cras interdum eget risus sit amet aliquet. In volutpat, nisl ut fringilla dignissim, arcu nisl suscipit ante, at accumsan sapien nisl eu eros.</p> <p>Sed eu dui nec ligula bibendum dapibus. Nullam imperdiet auctor tortor, vel cursus mauris malesuada non. Quisque ultrices euismod dapibus. Aenean sed gravida risus. Sed nisi tortor, vulputate nec quam non, placerat porta nisl. Nunc varius lobortis urna, condimentum facilisis ipsum molestie eu. Ut molestie eleifend ligula sed dignissim. Duis ut tellus turpis. Praesent tincidunt, nunc sed congue malesuada, mauris enim maximus massa, eget interdum turpis urna et ante. Morbi sem nisl, cursus quis mollis et, interdum luctus augue. Aliquam laoreet, leo et accumsan tincidunt, libero neque aliquet lectus, a ultricies lorem mi a orci.</p> <p>Mauris dapibus sem vel magna convallis laoreet. Donec in venenatis urna, vitae sodales odio. Praesent tortor diam, varius non luctus nec, bibendum vel est. Quisque id sem enim. Maecenas at est leo. Vestibulum tristique pellentesque ex, blandit placerat nunc eleifend sit amet. Fusce eget lectus bibendum, accumsan mi quis, luctus sem. Etiam vitae nulla scelerisque, eleifend odio in, euismod quam. Etiam porta ullamcorper massa, vitae gravida turpis euismod quis. Mauris sodales sem ac ultrices viverra. In placerat ultrices sapien. Suspendisse eu arcu hendrerit, luctus tortor cursus, maximus dolor. Proin et velit et quam gravida dapibus. Donec blandit justo ut consequat tristique.</p>